prism/examples/prism-d.html

<h2>Comments</h2>
<pre><code>// Single line comment
/* Multi-line
	comment */
/+ Mutli-line
	/+ nestable +/
	comment +/</code></pre>

<h2>Numbers</h2>
<pre><code>0 .. 2_147_483_647
2_147_483_648 .. 9_223_372_036_854_775_807
0L .. 9_223_372_036_854_775_807L
0U .. 4_294_967_296U
4_294_967_296U .. 18_446_744_073_709_551_615U
0UL .. 18_446_744_073_709_551_615UL
0x0 .. 0x7FFF_FFFF
0x8000_0000 .. 0xFFFF_FFFF
0x1_0000_0000 .. 0x7FFF_FFFF_FFFF_FFFF
0x8000_0000_0000_0000 .. 0xFFFF_FFFF_FFFF_FFFF
0x0L .. 0x7FFF_FFFF_FFFF_FFFFL
0x8000_0000_0000_0000L .. 0xFFFF_FFFF_FFFF_FFFFL
0x0U .. 0xFFFF_FFFFU
0x1_0000_0000U .. 0xFFFF_FFFF_FFFF_FFFFU
0x0UL .. 0xFFFF_FFFF_FFFF_FFFFUL

123_456.567_8          // 123456.5678
1_2_3_4_5_6_.5_6_7_8   // 123456.5678
1_2_3_4_5_6_.5e-6_     // 123456.5e-6
0x1.FFFFFFFFFFFFFp1023 // double.max
0x1p-52                // double.epsilon
1.175494351e-38F       // float.min
6.3i                   // idouble 6.3
6.3fi                  // ifloat 6.3
6.3Li                  // ireal 6.3
4.5 + 6.2i             // complex number (phased out)</code></pre>

<h2>Strings</h2>
<pre><code>// WYSIWYG strings
r"hello"
r"c:\root\foo.exe"
r"ab\n"
`hello`
`c:\root\foo.exe`
`ab\n`

// Double-quoted strings
"hello"
"c:\\root\\foo.exe"
"ab\n"
"ab
"

// Hex strings
x"0A"
x"00 FBCD 32FD 0A"

// String postfix characters
"hello"c  // string
"hello"w  // wstring
"hello"d  // dstring

// Delimited strings
q"(foo(xxx))"
q"[foo{]"
q"EOS
This
is a multi-line
heredoc string
EOS"
q"/foo]/"

// Token strings
q{foo}
q{/*}*/ }
q{ foo(q{hello}); }
q{ __TIME__ }

// Character literals
'a'
'\u000A'</code></pre>

<h2>Iasm registers</h2>
<pre><code>AL AH AX EAX
BL BH BX EBX
CL CH CX ECX
DL DH DX EDX
BP EBP
SP ESP
DI EDI
SI ESI
ES CS SS DS GS FS
CR0 CR2 CR3 CR4
DR0 DR1 DR2 DR3 DR6 DR7
TR3 TR4 TR5 TR6 TR7
ST
ST(0) ST(1) ST(2) ST(3) ST(4) ST(5) ST(6) ST(7)
MM0  MM1  MM2  MM3  MM4  MM5  MM6  MM7
XMM0 XMM1 XMM2 XMM3 XMM4 XMM5 XMM6 XMM7

RAX  RBX  RCX  RDX
BPL  RBP
SPL  RSP
DIL  RDI
SIL  RSI
R8B  R8W  R8D  R8
R9B  R9W  R9D  R9
R10B R10W R10D R10
R11B R11W R11D R11
R12B R12W R12D R12
R13B R13W R13D R13
R14B R14W R14D R14
R15B R15W R15D R15
XMM8 XMM9 XMM10 XMM11 XMM12 XMM13 XMM14 XMM15
YMM0 YMM1 YMM2  YMM3  YMM4  YMM5  YMM6  YMM7
YMM8 YMM9 YMM10 YMM11 YMM12 YMM13 YMM14 YMM15</code></pre>

<h2>Full example</h2>
<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/dmd -run
/* sh style script syntax is supported! */
/* Hello World in D
   To compile:
     dmd hello.d
   or to optimize:
     dmd -O -inline -release hello.d
   or to get generated documentation:
     dmd hello.d -D
  */
import std.stdio;  // References to  commonly used I/O routines.
void main(char[][] args)   // 'void' here means return 0 by default.
{
    // Write-Formatted-Line
     writefln("Hello World, "   // automatic concatenation of string literals
              "Reloaded");
     // Strings are denoted as a dynamic array of chars 'char[]'
     // auto type inference and built-in foreach
     foreach(argc, argv; args)
    {
        // OOP is supported, of course! And automatic type inference.
         auto cl = new CmdLin(argc, argv);

        // 'writefln' is the improved 'printf' !!
         // user-defined class properties.
         writefln(cl.argnum, cl.suffix, " arg: %s", cl.argv);
        // Garbage Collection or explicit memory management - your choice!!!
         delete cl;
    }
     // Nested structs, classes and functions!
     struct specs
    {
        // all vars. automatically initialized
         int count, allocated;
    }

    // Note that declarations read right-to-left.
    // So that 'char[][]' reads as an array of an array of chars.

    specs argspecs(char[][] args)
    // Optional (built-in) function contracts.
     in{
        assert (args.length > 0); // assert built in
     }
    out(result){
        assert(result.count == CmdLin.total);
        assert(result.allocated > 0);
    }
    body{
        specs* s = new specs;
        // no need for '->'
         s.count = args.length;  // The 'length' property is number of elements.
         s.allocated = typeof(args).sizeof; // built-in properties for native types
         foreach(argv; args)
            s.allocated += argv.length * typeof(argv[0]).sizeof;
        return *s;
    }

    // built-in string and common string operations, e.g. '~' is concatenate.
     char[] argcmsg  = "argc = %d";
    char[] allocmsg = "allocated = %d";
    writefln(argcmsg ~ ", " ~ allocmsg,
         argspecs(args).count,argspecs(args).allocated);
}
/**
   Stores a single command line argument.
 */
 class CmdLin
{
    private {
     int _argc;
     char[] _argv;
     static uint _totalc;
    }

 public:
/************
      Object constructor.
      params:
        argc = ordinal count of this argument.
        argv = text of the parameter
  *********/
     this(int argc, char[] argv)
    {
        _argc = argc + 1;
        _argv = argv;
        _totalc++;
    }

    ~this() /// Object destructor
     {
        // Doesn't actually do anything for this example.
     }

     int argnum() /// A property that returns arg number
     {
        return _argc;
    }
     char[] argv() /// A property  that returns arg text
     {
        return _argv;
    }
     wchar[] suffix() /// A property  that returns ordinal suffix
     {
        wchar[] suffix;  // Built in  Unicode strings (utf8,utf16, utf32)
         switch(_argc)
        {
        case 1:
            suffix = "st";
            break;
        case 2:
            suffix = "nd";
            break;
        case 3:
            suffix = "rd";
            break;
        default:  // 'default' is mandatory with "-w" compile switch.
             suffix = "th";
        }
        return suffix;
    }

/* **************
      * A property of the whole class, not just an instance.
      * returns: The total number of commandline args added.
      *************/
     static typeof(_totalc) total()
    {
        return _totalc;
    }
     // Class invariant, things that must be true after any method is run.
     invariant
     {
         assert(_argc > 0);
         assert(_totalc >= _argc);
     }
}</code></pre>